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FEDERALIST NO. 69

The Real Character of the Executive
From the New York Packet
Friday, March 14, 1788.
Author: Alexander Hamilton

1 - General Introduction

2 - Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence

3 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning Dangers From Foreign Force and Influence

4 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning Dangers From Foreign Force and Influence

5 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence

6 - Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States

7 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States

8 - The Consequences of Hostilities Between the States

9 - The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection

10 - The Same Subject Continued: The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection

11 - The Utility of the Union in Respect to Commercial Relations and a Navy

12 - The Utility of the Union In Respect to Revenue

13 - Advantage of the Union in Respect to Economy in Government

14 - Objections to the Proposed Constitution From Extent of Territory Answered

15 - The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union

16 - The Same Subject Continued: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union

17 - The Same Subject Continued: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union

18 - The Same Subject Continued: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union

19 - The Same Subject Continued: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union

20 - The Same Subject Continued: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union

21 - Other Defects of the Present Confederation

22 - The Same Subject Continued: Other Defects of the Present Confederation

23 - The Necessity of a Government as Energetic as the One Proposed to the Preservation of the Union

24 - The Powers Necessary to the Common Defense Further Considered

25 - The Same Subject Continued: The Powers Necessary to the Common Defense Further Considered

26 - The Idea of Restraining the Legislative Authority in Regard to the Common Defense Considered

27 - The Same Subject Continued: The Idea of Restraining the Legislative Authority in Regard to the Common Defense Considered

28 - The Same Subject Continued: The Idea of Restraining the Legislative Authority in Regard to the Common Defense Considered

29 - Concerning the Militia

30 - Concerning the General Power of Taxation

31 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation

32 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation

33 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation

34 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation

35 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation

36 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation

37 - Concerning the Difficulties of the Convention in Devising a Proper Form of Government

38 - The Same Subject Continued, and the Incoherence of the Objections to the New Plan Exposed

39 - The Conformity of the Plan to Republican Principles

40 - The Powers of the Convention to Form a Mixed Government Examined and Sustained

41 - General View of the Powers Conferred by the Constitution

42 - The Powers Conferred by the Constitution Further Considered

43 - The Same Subject Continued: The Powers Conferred by the Constitution Further Considered

44 - Restrictions on the Authority of the Several States

45 - The Alleged Danger From the Powers of the Union to the State Governments Considered

46 - The Influence of the State and Federal Governments Compared

47 - The Particular Structure of the New Government and the Distribution of Power Among Its Different Parts

48 - These Departments Should Not Be So Far Separated as to Have No Constitutional Control Over Each Other

49 - Method of Guarding Against the Encroachments of Any One Department of Government by Appealing to the People Through a Convention

50 - Periodic Appeals to the People Considered

51 - The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments

52 - The House of Representatives

53 - The Same Subject Continued: The House of Representatives

54 - The Apportionment of Members Among the States

55 - The Total Number of the House of Representatives

56 - The Same Subject Continued: The Total Number of the House of Representatives

57 - The Alleged Tendency of the New Plan to Elevate the Few at the Expense of the Many Considered in Connection with Representation

58 - Objection That The Number of Members Will Not Be Augmented as the Progress of Population Demands Considered

59 - Concerning the Power of Congress to Regulate the Election of Members

60 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the Power of Congress to Regulate the Election of Members

61 - The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the Power of Congress to Regulate the Election of Members

62 - The Senate

63 - The Senate Continued

64 - The Powers of the Senate

65 - The Powers of the Senate Continued

66 - Objections to the Power of the Senate To Set as a Court for Impeachments Further Considered

67 - The Executive Department

68 - The Mode of Electing the President

69 - The Real Character of the Executive

70 - The Executive Department Further Considered

71 - The Duration in Office of the Executive

72 - The Same Subject Continued, and Re-Eligibility of the Executive Considered

73 - The Provision For The Support of the Executive, and the Veto Power

74 - The Command of the Military and Naval Forces, and the Pardoning Power of the Executive

75 - The Treaty Making Power of the Executive

76 - The Appointing Power of the Executive

77 - The Appointing Power Continued and Other Powers of the Executive Considered

78 - The Judiciary Department

79 - The Judiciary Department Continued

80 - The Powers of the Judiciary

81 - The Judiciary Continued, and the Distribution of the Judicial Authority

82 - The Judiciary Continued

83 - The Judiciary Continued in Relation to Trial by Jury

84 - Certain General and Miscellaneous Objections to the Constitution Considered and Answered

85 - Concluding Remarks

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